Deferred rent accounting 101 for ASC 842 and ASC 840

What is the Accounting for Deferred Rent?

Accounting for the free rent period and subsequent periods are as follows: 

Add the total cost of the rent payments for the entire lease period. Then divide this total amount of payments by the total number of periods in the lease, including any early access period. So although the first month was technically “free,” we still have a payment that appears on our balance sheets.

ASC 842 Deferred Rent Example

If the lease term is one year with the first-month rental being free and the rental rate for the coming months being $1,000, then the total rental cost will be $11,000 .

Divide the total rental cost by the total number of periods in the lease contract including the free rental month. In our example, we will divide $11,000 by 12 months and get $917. 

Each month of the lease, the average monthly rate should be charged as an expense, regardless of whether there was an actual payment made. In our example, the expense for the first month is $917 even if there is no actual payment since the tenant did not pay for the first month. This means that the $917 debited to expenses is offset by a credit to the deferred rent account. 

For the remaining months of the lease, the same average amount should be charged as an expense. This is $917 in our example. Should there be an offsetting of the rental payment and if the payment and expense don’t match, then the difference should be applied to the deferred rent account. 

In our example, the monthly payment for the remaining period after the free month has lapsed is still $1,000, an amount that’s higher by $83 than the amount charged as rent expense, which is $917. This difference should be used to reduce the amount of the deferred rent liability during the remaining months of the rental period until it becomes zero. 

The same accounting approach should be used even if the rental amount changes throughout the lease period. For example, if the lease rate increases in the succeeding months, then the average rent expense should be charged in all months with a portion of it forming part of the deferred rent liability. 

What is the Difference Between Prepaid Rent and Deferred Rent?

There’s a difference between deferred rent vs. prepaid rent. The former is a liability and occurs when the lessor provides free rent, usually at the start of the lease term, or there are escalating rent payments. Prepaid rent is rent paid up front that is to be expensed in a future period. 

How ASC 842 Transition Affects Deferred Rent Accounting

The concept of straight-line rent expense on operating leases was retained despite the transition to the ASC 842. But under the new mechanics, the deferred rent should be replaced by the Right of Use (ROU) asset and lease liability accounts. The ASC 842 guidelines are much more complicated than its predecessor, ASC 840. Thus, any lease accounting software must have ROU Asset functionality in place. It is best to go for trusted accounting software such as ours.